The murine thymus exhibits a complex, convoluted medullary morphology essential for central tolerance, yet the physical principles underlying this structure have remained unclear. In this work, we present a theoretical model that explains how the medulla self-organizes through feedback between thymocyte signaling and epithelial growth. more

Understanding the physical underpinnings of dynamic intracellular organization remains central to elucidating spatial regulation in cells. Here, we present a comprehensive experimental and theoretical study of the Min protein system in Escherichia coli, revealing how robust and resource-optimal dynamic pattern formation underpins accurate division site selection. Using engineered strains with tunable expression of MinD and MinE, we construct an in vivo phase diagram of Min oscillations and uncover that pattern formation persists over a broad range of protein concentrations and physiological growth states. more